---
c: Copyright (C) Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
SPDX-License-Identifier: curl
Title: CURLOPT_SSL_CTX_FUNCTION
Section: 3
Source: libcurl
See-also:
  - CURLOPT_CA_CACHE_TIMEOUT (3)
  - CURLOPT_CAINFO (3)
  - CURLOPT_CAINFO_BLOB (3)
  - CURLOPT_SSL_CTX_DATA (3)
  - CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST (3)
  - CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER (3)
Protocol:
  - TLS
TLS-backend:
  - OpenSSL
  - wolfSSL
  - mbedTLS
Added-in: 7.10.6
---

# NAME

CURLOPT_SSL_CTX_FUNCTION - SSL context callback

# SYNOPSIS

~~~c
#include <curl/curl.h>

CURLcode ssl_ctx_callback(CURL *curl, void *ssl_ctx, void *clientp);

CURLcode curl_easy_setopt(CURL *handle, CURLOPT_SSL_CTX_FUNCTION,
                          ssl_ctx_callback);
~~~

# DESCRIPTION

Pass a pointer to your callback function, which should match the prototype
shown above.

This callback function gets called by libcurl immediately before the
initialization of an SSL connection after having processed all other SSL
related options to give a last chance to an application to modify the behavior
of the SSL initialization. The *ssl_ctx* parameter is a pointer to the SSL
library's *SSL_CTX* for OpenSSL or wolfSSL, a pointer to *mbedtls_ssl_config*
for mbedTLS. If an error is returned from the callback no attempt to establish
a connection is made and the perform operation returns the callback's error
code. Set the *clientp* argument passed in to this callback with the
CURLOPT_SSL_CTX_DATA(3) option.

This function gets called for all new connections made to a server, during the
SSL negotiation. While *ssl_ctx* points to a newly initialized object each
time, the pointer may still be the same as in a prior call.

To use this callback, a non-trivial amount of knowledge of your SSL library is
necessary. For example, you can use this function to call library-specific
callbacks to add additional validation code for certificates, and even to
change the actual URI of an HTTPS request.

For OpenSSL, asynchronous certificate verification via *SSL_set_retry_verify*
is supported. When *SSL_set_retry_verify* is set, the transfer is paused.
When verification should continue, call curl_easy_pause(3) to unpause
the transfer. (Added in 8.3.0, Pausing added in 8.16.0)

The CURLOPT_SSL_CTX_FUNCTION(3) callback allows the application to reach in
and modify SSL details in the connection without libcurl itself knowing
anything about it, which then subsequently can lead to libcurl unknowingly
reusing SSL connections with different properties. To remedy this you may set
CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE(3) from the callback function.

A connection that is set up with this callback can be put in the connection
pool by libcurl and then reused in following transfers without the callback
being called. The connection may even be selected from the pool to be used for
transfers not using this callback. If the callback should only be valid for
the specific transfer the callback verifies, it should be marked unsuitable
for reuse with CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE(3).

If you are using DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) via CURLOPT_DOH_URL(3) then this
callback is also called for those transfers and the curl handle is set to an
internal handle. **This behavior is subject to change.** We recommend setting
CURLOPT_PRIVATE(3) on your curl handle so you can identify it correctly in the
context callback. If you have a reason to modify DoH SSL context please let us
know on the curl-library mailing list because we are considering removing this
capability.

libcurl does not guarantee the lifetime of the passed in object once this
callback function has returned. Your application must not assume that it can
keep using the SSL context or data derived from it once this function is
completed.

For libcurl builds using TLS backends that support CA caching and
CURLOPT_CA_CACHE_TIMEOUT(3) is not set to zero, multiple calls to this
callback may be done with the same CA store in memory.

# DEFAULT

NULL

# %PROTOCOLS%

# EXAMPLE

~~~c
/* OpenSSL specific */

#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>
#include <stdio.h>

static CURLcode sslctx_function(CURL *curl, void *sslctx, void *pointer)
{
  X509_STORE *store;
  X509 *cert = NULL;
  BIO *bio;
  char *mypem = pointer;
  /* get a BIO */
  bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(mypem, -1);
  /* use it to read the PEM formatted certificate from memory into an
   * X509 structure that SSL can use
   */
  PEM_read_bio_X509(bio, &cert, 0, NULL);
  if(!cert)
    printf("PEM_read_bio_X509 failed...\n");

  /* get a pointer to the X509 certificate store (which may be empty) */
  store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store((SSL_CTX *)sslctx);

  /* add our certificate to this store */
  if(X509_STORE_add_cert(store, cert) == 0)
    printf("error adding certificate\n");

  /* decrease reference counts */
  X509_free(cert);
  BIO_free(bio);

  /* all set to go */
  return CURLE_OK;
}

int main(void)
{
  CURL *curl;
  CURLcode result;
  /* CA cert in PEM format, replace the XXXs */
  const char *mypem =
    "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
    "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n"
    "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n"
    "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n"
    "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n"
    "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n"
    "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX\n"
    "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";

  curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
  curl = curl_easy_init();

  curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSLCERTTYPE, "PEM");
  curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 1L);
  curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "https://www.example.com/");

  curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_CTX_FUNCTION, *sslctx_function);
  curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_CTX_DATA, mypem);
  result = curl_easy_perform(curl);
  if(result == CURLE_OK)
    printf("*** transfer succeeded ***\n");
  else
    printf("*** transfer failed ***\n");

  curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
  curl_global_cleanup();
  return (int)result;
}
~~~

# %AVAILABILITY%

# RETURN VALUE

CURLE_OK if supported; or an error such as:

CURLE_NOT_BUILT_IN - Not supported by the SSL backend
