Extend existing picky compiler options with ones missing compared to
autotools builds. Also sync options between clang and gcc.

Redesign the way we enable these options to avoid the slow option
detection almost completely.

This reduces the number of detections from 35 to zero for clang and
3 for gcc, even after adding a bunch of new options.

clang 3.0 (2011-11-29) and gcc 2.95 (1999-07-31) now required.

Also show enabled picky options.

Ref: libssh2/libssh2#952

Reviewed-by: Daniel Stenberg
Closes curl#10973

Switch from `curl-gnumake.sh` to `curl-cmake.sh` with upcoming curl
release v8.5.0.

cmake builds are now _faster_ for Windows builds than raw gnumake
(aka `Makefile.mk`). They also use 'unity' mode, which makes builds
run fast with the side-effect of also creating potentially more
efficient binaries by allowing better compiler optimizations.

This also makes curl-for-win use the same build system for all target
platforms (`Makefile.mk` is not available for *nix platforms).

Initially on 2022-07-04 cmake was 25% slower than gnumake. By
2022-09-26 this reduced to 20%, by 2023-07-29 to 18% and after the
latest round of updates gnumake came out 7% slower than cmake.
This is for Windows, for a triple x64, arm64 and x86 build. In
absolute times this is 27m22s for cmake and 29m11s for gnumake.

(FWIW autotools builds are 52% slower than cmake unity builds now.)

Making cmake builds fast was a multi-year effort with these major steps:

1. add support for cmake builds in curl-for-win.
   420e73c
2. bring it in-line with gnumake and autotools builds and tidy-up
   as much as possible. Scattered to a many commits.
3. delete a whole bunch of unused feature detections.
   curl/curl@4d73854
   curl/curl#9044
   (and a lot more smaller commits)
4. speed up picky warning option initialization by avoiding brute-force
   all options. (first in libssh2, then in curl, then applied also
   ngtcp2, nghttp3, nghttp2)
   curl/curl@9c543de
   curl/curl#10973
5. implement single build run for shared and static libcurl + tool
   (first in libssh2)
   curl/curl@1199308
   curl/curl#11505
   53dcd49
6. implement single build pass for shared and static libcurl
   (for Windows initially)
   curl/curl@2ebc74c
   curl/curl#11546
7. extend above to non-Windows (e.g. macOS)
   curl/curl@fc9bfb1
   curl/curl#11627
   bafa77d (mac)
   1b27304 (linux)
8. implement unity builds: single compiler invocation for libcurl + tool
   curl/curl@3f8fc25
   curl/curl#11095
   curl/curl@f42a279
   curl/curl#11928
   67d7fd3
9. speed up 4x the cmake initialization phase (for Windows)
   curl/curl@2100d9f
   curl/curl#12044
10. speed up cmake initialization even more by pre-filling
   detection results for our well-known mingw-w64 environments.
   74dd967
   5a43c61

+1: speed up autotools initialization by mitigating a brute-force
   feature detection on Windows. This reduced total build times
   by 5 minutes at the time, for the 3 Windows targets in total.
   curl/curl@6adcff6
   curl/curl#9591

Also update build times for cmake-unity and gnumake, based on runs:
cmake-unity: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/curlorg/curl-for-win/builds/48357875
gnumake: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/curlorg/curl-for-win/builds/48358005